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    7/20/2005

    转载《天下为“公”》

    离尤子与孔子遇于黄河之滨。孔子见之,喟然而叹曰:“黄河之水浊兮,可以濯吾足。黄河之水清兮,可以濯吾缨。大道之不行兮,吾其归矣;大道之行兮,天下为公。今者黄河清已见底,乃天下为公之时也。子何凄凄然独行于世,而无与于讲信修睦之大业也?”

    离 尤子怆然而泣曰:“呜呼!吾岂无意于讲信修睦之业哉!往者学干禄,之齐,见景公而告之曰:‘贤主之治天下也,使人不独亲其亲,不独子其子。德无常师,善无 常主,乐与人为善,以与天下为公,而私意小智不挠于其间,故天下心悦而诚服。’景公善之,欲封以尼溪之田矣。晏子使于楚,闻之,星夜兼程而返,见景公于雪 宫,进曰:‘今者闻楚之鄙人说君以天下为公之道矣,婴闻之:昔汤之有天下也,选贤任能,与天下为公矣。然商祀六百,而天下已为周室矣。文武顺天伐纣,为民 请命,亦以天下为公矣。不三百载,而天下裂于诸侯矣。以君之所闻见,自古及今,几人为公而取天下哉?几人为公而坐天下哉?所为取天下、坐天下者,以天下奉 一人之养耳。今者此南蛮鴃舌者以腐说干君,欲陷君于亡国之地也,诛之以儆后人可也!’余闻之,弃行李,易容貌,间道之秦,乃得脱。使吾以天下为公之说干禄 也,今不得见夫子矣。今而后,乃知所谓天下为公者,天下为‘公’也――奉天下以为一人之养,此天下之所以为‘公’也。”

    摘自:明代文献与这回文化史研究资料网

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